The comparative analysis of the use of natural sorbents in wastewater cleaning processes in agricultural industry
Abstract
Processing of farm products requires usage of great quantity of water which after its industrial use is enriched with organic substances and also a number of biogenic elements, first of all nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. The occurrence of these elements in water objects is limiting for water vegetation causing eutrophication. As a result of rapid growth of the vegetation, the oxygen dissolved in water is sharply reduced, the process of its self-cleaning is disturbed, that causes perishing of aerobic flora and fauna. The nitrogen compounds, which are capable to accumulate in surface and ground waters and also in air, are especially dangerous for humans, animals and plants. Concentration of the ammonium nitrogen in sewage water from meat processing plants ranges within 20–60 mg/dm3 and exceeds their maximum allowable concentration (MAC of NH4+ < 20 mg/dm3), therefore the sewage water before discharge from the plant requires cleaning. Harmful impurities may be removed from the sewage water by various methods. Viewing the fact that great volumes of the sewage water are subject to cleaning, the most economically reasonable is usage of natural sorbents. In this paper it is investigated and compared the sorption properties of zeolite and peat in relation to the possibility and efficiency of removal ammonium ion from water.
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