Assessment of the quality of the southern Bug waters within the Khmelnytsky region and biotechnological ways to solve their purification


  • O. O. Malashchuk Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Lviv, Ukraine
  • O. P. Rudenko Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Lviv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-2624
Keywords: Southern Bug River, Maryanivske Reservoir, Kopystyn, Shchedrivske Reservoir, quality indicators, salt composition, specific toxic substances, biotechnological methods of water purification

Abstract

Water resources are the national wealth of each state, an important natural resource, and determine the development opportunities of most sectors of the economic complex of Ukraine. The Southern Bug River is the largest river, the basin of which is completely located in Ukraine. Due to the intensive growth of anthropogenic impact on the studied reservoir and the economic use of its resources, the quality of water in it has significantly decreased. To improve the quality of water in rivers, it is optimal to use biotechnological methods, which provide many opportunities for effective solutions to issues related to monitoring, assessment, and treatment of polluted watercourses. The aim of our study was to assess water safety, the current ecological status of the Southern Bug River within the Khmelnytsky region in three areas (Maryanivske Reservoir, Kopystyn, Shchedrivske Reservoir) and use in domestic needs, with analysis of potential risks to human health, development of new biotechnological and improvement of existing measures to improve water supply. The experimental part of the work was performed on the basis of the Khmelnytsky Regional Department of Water Resources in the laboratory at the address Khmelnytsky, st. Soborna, 29. We conducted a chemical assessment of the Southern Bug River on three indicators: salt composition (I1), tropho-saprobiological (I2), and specific toxic substances (I3). Research of river waters was carried out in order to control the MPC (maximum permissible concentrations) of substances for use in household and food needs of the population and to propose biotechnological methods of river water purification within the Khmelnytsky region. According to our research on hydrochemical characteristics, the water contained elevated levels of NH4, NO2, NO3, PO4, the average values of HSC (chemical oxygen demand) exceeded the MPC in all areas by 2 to 5 times. This may be due to exposure to organic compounds of natural origin. The content of nitrites, nitrates is within normal limits, but the content of ammonium salt exceeds the MPC up to 20 times in the village Kopystyn and from 2 to 7 times in the village of Letychiv. According to many indicators of the salt block, the maximum concentration limit was not exceeded, except for the village Kopystyn, the concentration of Magnesium (Mg) was 84.33 mg/dm3 at a rate of 40.00 mg/dm3. According to specific toxic substances, the water belonged to the III class 4 quality category, Chromium (Cr) was not detected, Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) were within normal limits, although the Copper content was high. The concentration of Iron (Fe) varies in different areas and during the year, there is a case of excess Iron in the village. Kopistin up to 0.86 mg/dm3 at a rate of 0.30 mg/dm3. Iron affects the intensity of phytoplankton development and the qualitative composition of the microflora, so its concentration is subject to seasonal fluctuations. To improve the quality of water in the Southern Bug River, we have proposed the use of biotechnological methods, including those that provide many opportunities to effectively address issues related to monitoring, assessment, and treatment of polluted watercourses.

References

Afanasiev, S. O., Vasylchuk, T. O., Lietytska, O. M., & Bilous, O. P. (2012). Otsinka ekolohichnoho stanu richky Pivdennyi Buh u vidpovidnosti do vymoh Vodnoi Dyrektyvy R YeS: Instytut hidrobiolohii NAN Ukrainy (in Ukrainian).

Boiaryn, M. V. (2006). Intehralnyi ekolohichnyi indeks ekosystemy baseinu richky Zakhidnyi Buh. Nauk. visn. VDU im. Lesi Ukrainky. Eriia: Heohraf. nauky, 2006, 171–177 (in Ukrainian).

Das, M., & Adholeya, A. (2015). Potential Uses of Immo-bilized Bacteria, Fungi, Algae, and Their Aggregates for Treatment of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in Wastewater. Water Challenges and Solutions on a Global Scale. 15, 319-337. doi: 10.1021/bk-2015-1206.ch015.

Denysyk, H. I. (2006). Pryrodnycha heohrafiia Podillia: EkoBiznesTsentr, 67–74 (in Ukrainian).

Hovorun, V. D., & Tymoshchuk, O. O. (2010). Richky Khmelnychchyny. Navch. posib. Polihrafist (in Ukrainian).

Hvozdiak, P. I. (2003). Za pryntsypom biokonveiera. Biotekhnolohiia okhorony dovkillia. Visnyk NAN Ukrainy, 3, 29–36 (in Ukrainian).

Karpova, H., Zub, L., Melnychuk, V., & Protsiv, H. (2010). Otsinka ekolohichnoho stanu vodoim metodamy bioindykatsii. Pershi kroky do otsinky yakosti vody: posibnyk: INEKO, Ekolohichnyi klub “Krai” (in Ukrainian).

Khilchevskyi, V. K., Chunarov, O. V., & Romas, M. I. (2009). Vodni resursy ta yakist richkovykh vod basseinu Pivdennoho Buhu; za red. Khilchevskoho V. K.: Nika-Tsentr (in Ukrainian).

Kostiushyn, V., Kuzemko, A., & Onyshchenko, V. (2007). Pivdenno-Buzkyi merydionalnyi ekolohichnyi korydor: styslyi ohliad bioriznomanittia ta naitsinnishi terytorii. Chornomorska prohrama Verlands Interneshnl (in Ukrainian).

Lukianova, L. B. (2016). Laboratornyi praktykum z ekolohii: navch.-metod. posib. (in Ukrainian).

Martins, S. C. S., Martins, C. M., Cidrão Guedes Fiúza, L. M., & Santaella, S. T. (2013). Immobilization of microbial cells: A promising tool for treatment of toxic pollutants in industrial wastewater. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(28), 4412–4418. doi: 10.5897/AJB12.2677.

Netrobchuk, I. M., & Boiaryn, M. V. (2008). Ekolohichna otsinka suchasnoho stanu yakosti vody richky Studianka. Pryroda Zakhidnoho Polissia ta prylehlykh terytorii: zb. nauk. pr. Volyn. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky, 31–36 (in Ukrainian).

Prodanchuk, M. H., Mudryi, I. V., & Velykyi, V. I. (2006). Naukovo-metodychni aspekty toksykoloho-klinichnykh doslidzhen vplyvu mineralnoho skladu pytnoi vody na stan zdorovia naselennia Ukrainy. Sovremennye problemy toksykolohii, 3, 4–7. URL: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=11939602227861470078&hl=en&oi=scholarr (in Ukrainian).

Romanenko, V. D., Zhukynskyi, V. M., Oksiiuk, O. P., & Yatsyk, A. V. (1998). Metodyka ekolohichnoi otsinky yakosti poverkhnevykh vod za vidpovidnymy katehoriiamy. Kyiv : Symvol-T (in Ukrainian).

Rudenko, O. P., Paranjak, R. P., Kovalchuk, N. A., Kit, L. P., Hradovych, N. I., Gutyj, B. V., Kalyn, B. M., Sukhorska, O. P., Butsiak, A. A., Kropyvka, S. I., Petruniv, V. V., & Kovalska, L. M. (2019). Influence of seasonal factors on carp fish immune reactivity. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 9(3), 168–173. URL: https://www.ujecology.com/articles/influence-of-seasonal-factors-on-carp-fish-immune-reactivity.pdf.

Rudenko, O., Lytvyn, N., & Gutyj, B. (2021). Assessment of microbiological indicators and monitoring of a so-ciological survey of the quality of sources in the city of Lviv. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Agricultural Sciences, 23(94), 81–85. doi: 10.32718/nvlvet-a9415.

Sablii, L. A. (2013). Fizyko-khimichne ta biolohichne ochyshchennia vysokokontsentrovanykh stichnykh vod: Monohrafiia. Rivne: NUVHP (in Ukrainian).

Sablii, L. A. (2017). Vprovadzhennia novitnikh biotekhnolohii ochyshchennia stichnykh vod. Kyivskyi politekhnik. Onovleno: 28/03/2017-14:57 (in Ukrainian).

Trokhymenko, H. H., & Mahas, N. I. (2009). Otsinka yakosti vody osnovnykh prytok richky Pivdennyi Buh u mezhakh Mykolaivskoi oblasti. Naukovyi visnyk MDU im. V.O. Sukhomlynskoho, 209–213 (in Ukrainian).

Vyshnevskyi, V. I. (2000). Richky i vodoimy Ukrainy. Stan i vykorystannia: Vipol (in Ukrainian).

Yatsyk, A. V. (2004). Vodohospodarska ekolohiia: Heneza (in Ukrainian).

Yatsyk, A. V. (2012). Ekolohichna otsinka yakosti poverkhnevykh vod za vidpovidnymy katehoriiamy: metodychni vkazivky do vykonannia praktychnykh zaniat: NUVHP (in Ukrainian).

Zhemerov, O. O. (2011). Otsinka yakosti poverkhnevykh vod sushi: metod. posib. Kharkiv: KhNU im. V.N. Karazi-na (in Ukrainian).

Abstract views: 51
PDF Downloads: 54
Published
2021-12-11
How to Cite
Malashchuk, O., & Rudenko, O. (2021). Assessment of the quality of the southern Bug waters within the Khmelnytsky region and biotechnological ways to solve their purification. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Agricultural Sciences, 23(95), 122-127. https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9518