BIOMORPHOLOGY HIP BONES THE HUMBOLDT PENGUIN - SPHENISCUS HUMBOLDTI
Abstract
This article presents the biomorphological features bones of the hip joint of the penguin order representative (Humboldt penguin). It was found that the degree of of hip of bone of this order representatives is caused by walking type of bipedal locomotion and by biomorphological static characteristics, which in turn imposes certain imprints on the degree of development of each individual element of the bone, forming a joint. It is proved that the degree of development of the head of the femoral bone is caused by the direction of disposition of the femur’s muscles and the strength of their tension during performing their functions; the length of the femoral neck is a sign of the maximum step length during rapid terrestrial locomotion; the areas of location of the spongy substance in the femoral bone and in the glenoid cavity of the caxal bone of birds are zones of over functional loads in comparison to the areas which are formed by the thin compact plates, caused by the type of statolocomotion and peculiarities of the various kinds of manipulation movements in the gravitational field of the Earth.
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References
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