Ecological and epizootic roles of Golden jackal, genus Canis aureus in the Northwest of Black Sea coast


Keywords: ecosystem, fauna, enzootic nosological entity, Golden jackal, zoonosis, naturally-focal infection, ectopara-site, antibody

Abstract

Penetration of jackal, typical representative of Asia Minor-Balkan group, genus Canis aureus into the territory of the Northwest Black Sea coast - has become a rather unexpected phenomenon and led to environmental, zoogeographical and epizootic issues. The last one may lead to the development of potentially dangerous epizootic processes, the assessment of the threat and possible consequences require systematic researches. The purpose of this work was to study the ecological and epizootic role of Canis aureus in the territory of the Northwest Black Sea coast. The investigations concerning epizootic status of jackal were carried out during 20142018 in the territory of Odesa and Mykolayiv Regions with means of laboratory control samples of the materials which were selected and taken from hunters. The results of researches have shown that there is a complete, self-regulating and rather dense population of C. aureus in this region, it does not lose the rate of intensive reproduction and has a clearly expressed western line of genus penetration. In the process of migratory settlement, jackal demonstrates clear and static dependences on humidified and hydro morphed landscapes. When the bodies of animals were observed, we could find the presence of ticks and several types of fleas that could act as a biological transmission objects in the circles of spontaneous circulation of naturally occurring zoonotic pathogens, ensuring their inter-species migration and short-term reservation. According to the results of laboratory examinations of 9 samples of jackals’ blood serum, the presence of antibodies to the causative agent of erysipelas was determined in 5 (55.5%) cases. In response to a single brucellosis antigen The specific antibodies were not found in the reaction with single brucellosis antigen. The investigations on the presence of leptospirosis were carried out with test strains of 9 serogroups. Specific anti-lepidopteran antibodies were found in all investigated serum samples. The predominance of antibodies to the Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Sejroe, Bataviae serogroups, mice field rodents are their host, indicates the trophic nature of antigenic contacts. The new species for Ukraine jackal Cainis aureus carries a significant potential epizootic threat as a host and carrier of pathogens natural-focal zoonotic infections and invasions, the most dangerous among them is rabies.

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Published
2019-07-30
How to Cite
Nakonechnyi, I., Perots’ka, L., Pyvovarova, I., & Chornyi, V. (2019). Ecological and epizootic roles of Golden jackal, genus Canis aureus in the Northwest of Black Sea coast. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences, 21(94), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9407